How Cistern Water Tanks Work: A Step-by-Step Guide

Water storage is essential for homes and businesses alike, offering security during water shortages and providing an emergency supply for essential operations. Among various water storage solutions, cistern water tanks stand out for their effectiveness in capturing and storing large volumes of water. This article provides a comprehensive, step-by-step guide to understanding how cistern water tanks work, tailored to the needs of businesses and industries. By the end, we’ll explore the top reasons every home and business should consider installing a water tank.

Why Cistern Water Tanks Are Essential for Businesses

In many parts of the world, water shortages are becoming increasingly common due to rising demand, climate change, and infrastructure limitations. As a result, many businesses are opting for reliable water storage solutions to maintain a consistent water supply. Cistern water tanks offer an ideal option, effectively capturing and storing rainwater and other water sources for various uses. These tanks are not only cost-effective but can also serve as a critical resource during emergencies. Let’s dive into how cistern tanks work and how they can be an invaluable asset to any business.

What Are Cistern Water Tanks?

Cistern water tanks are large, sealed containers specifically designed to store water. They are often installed underground or in sheltered locations, protecting the stored water from contamination and evaporation. These tanks differ from regular water tanks in that they typically hold rainwater or non-potable water, though with the right filtration, cistern tanks can be used to store drinking water as well.

Key Components of Cistern Water Tanks

A cistern water tank system generally includes:

1. Collection Area: This is the surface where water, usually rainwater, is collected. Common collection areas include rooftops, paved areas, and specially designed catchment systems.
2. Downspouts and Filters: Once water is collected, it flows through downspouts into the cistern tank. Filters are often installed to remove large debris like leaves, ensuring the water entering the tank remains clean.
3. Overflow Pipe: This component prevents flooding by allowing excess water to drain away from the tank when it’s full.
4. Pump System: Since cisterns are often located below ground, a pump system is necessary to retrieve water for use.
5. Filtration and Treatment System: For businesses requiring potable water, filtration systems can be added to make cistern water safe for consumption.

Step-by-Step Guide to How Cistern Water Tanks Work

Understanding how cistern water tanks operate is essential for maximizing their efficiency and functionality. Here is a step-by-step breakdown of the process:

Step 1: Water Collection

The process begins with collecting water from a catchment area, typically the rooftop of a building or a designated surface. Rainwater collection is one of the most common methods, though other non-potable sources like greywater may also be directed to the cistern tank. The collected water is then channeled through gutters or downspouts, leading to the tank’s intake valve.

Step 2: Filtration of Inflowing Water

Once the water is directed toward the tank, it passes through a filtration system designed to remove larger contaminants. Filters at the intake point help prevent debris such as leaves, dirt, and insects from entering the tank. Some systems also have sediment filters to trap finer particles, ensuring only relatively clean water reaches the tank.

Step 3: Storage in the Cistern Tank

Once filtered, the water flows into the main cistern tank. Depending on the design, cistern tanks may be above or below ground, but underground tanks are more common as they provide protection from temperature fluctuations and contamination. The tank’s design and material—often concrete, fiberglass, or plastic—help keep the water stable and cool, preventing the growth of algae and bacteria.

Step 4: Water Treatment (If Needed)

For businesses or industries that require potable water, a treatment system may be included within the cistern setup. This could involve UV treatment, chlorine dosing, or advanced filtration systems to remove any bacteria or harmful pathogens. Treated cistern water can be safely used for drinking, cooking, or sanitation purposes.

Step 5: Distribution of Stored Water

Once water is stored and treated, it can be used as needed. Most cistern systems use a pump to draw water from the tank, as underground cisterns typically lack natural pressure for water flow. The pump pushes water through pipes connected to appliances or systems that require it. A pressure regulator may also be used to ensure consistent water flow for industrial applications.

Advantages of Cistern Water Tanks for Businesses

Cistern water tanks provide numerous advantages to businesses, especially those in water-scarce areas or industries that consume significant amounts of water. Here’s why cistern tanks are a valuable investment:

1. Cost Savings

Businesses can significantly reduce water bills by capturing and storing rainwater or using greywater for non-potable applications, like irrigation or cleaning. This can make a notable difference in operational costs over time.

2. Sustainability and Environmental Impact

By collecting rainwater, businesses reduce their reliance on municipal water sources, contributing to water conservation. Additionally, utilizing cistern water helps reduce stormwater runoff, which can decrease soil erosion and the likelihood of flooding in surrounding areas.

3. Reliability During Water Shortages

For businesses in areas prone to drought or restricted water access, cistern water tanks provide a backup water source. This ensures continuity of operations and prevents costly downtime due to water supply interruptions.

Types of Cistern Water Tanks

Depending on specific needs, there are several types of cistern water tanks businesses can consider:

1. Underground Cistern Tanks

These tanks are typically made of concrete, fiberglass, or polyethylene and are installed below ground. Underground cisterns offer protection from temperature changes and vandalism, making them a secure option for long-term water storage.

2. Above-Ground Cistern Tanks

Above-ground tanks are usually more accessible for maintenance and are typically made from polyethylene or metal. They are easier to install than underground tanks and are ideal for temporary water storage.

3. Modular Cistern Tanks

Modular tanks are designed to be customizable in size and shape, allowing businesses to scale their water storage as needed. These tanks are often made from lightweight materials, making installation straightforward.

Installing and Maintaining Cistern Water Tanks: Key Considerations

For businesses looking to install a cistern water tank, several factors can influence the effectiveness of the system:

Site Assessment

An essential first step is assessing the site where the cistern tank will be installed. Factors such as available space, soil type (for underground installations), and proximity to the water source play a crucial role.

Tank Size and Capacity

Choosing the correct tank size is vital for meeting your water storage needs without overspending on unused capacity. Consulting with a water tank specialist can help you determine the ideal tank size based on your daily and emergency water requirements.

Maintenance Requirements

To ensure longevity, cistern tanks require regular maintenance. Routine inspections of the tank, pump, filters, and pipes are essential to detect and fix any issues. Cleaning the tank periodically to remove sediment buildup is also recommended.

Water Treatment Needs

For industries where water quality is paramount, installing a filtration or treatment system may be necessary. This can be customized based on your water source and intended use, ensuring safe and consistent water quality.

Top Reasons Every Home and Business Needs a Water Tank

While cistern tanks are incredibly beneficial for businesses, they also offer immense value to residential properties. Here are the top reasons why every home and business should consider installing a water tank:

1. Water Security: Water tanks provide a reliable supply during droughts, shortages, or emergencies, ensuring continuity for both daily needs and business operations.
2. Environmental Impact: Collecting rainwater reduces dependence on municipal sources and helps conserve groundwater levels.
3. Cost Savings: By using stored water for non-potable applications, homes and businesses can save considerably on monthly water bills.
4. Sustainability: Water tanks contribute to sustainable living and business practices, supporting long-term environmental goals.

Conclusion

Cistern water tanks offer practical and sustainable solutions for businesses looking to manage water resources effectively. With their ability to capture and store large quantities of water, these tanks can significantly reduce costs, improve water security, and support eco-friendly operations. By understanding the mechanics of cistern water tanks and following proper maintenance practices, businesses can leverage this technology to ensure a consistent and reliable water supply.

Whether your business is in agriculture, manufacturing, or any other water-dependent industry, cistern water tanks can provide an invaluable resource. With careful planning and routine maintenance, a cistern water tank can serve your needs for years to come, proving to be a wise investment in sustainability and operational resilience.